The term representational state transfer was defined in 2000 by Roy Fielding in chapter 5 of his doctoral dissertation Representational State Transfer (REST). REST is nothing more than the description Fielding defined in his dissertation. There is and will be no RFC or a specification for it by an authoritative organization. REST is mostly based on HTTP but can be based on other protocols. Fielding is also one of the principal authors of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) specification versions 1.0 and 1.1.

A RESTful web service (or RESTful API) is a web service implemented using HTTP and the principles of REST with the following four aspects:

• base URI for the web service
• media type of the data, e.g. JSON or XML
• set of supported operations as HTTP methods (GET, PUT, POST, DELETE, etc)
• hypertext driven API

REST architecture describes the following six constraints:

• separation of concerns between client and server, e.g. client is responsible for UI and server for data storage.
• stateless, each request must include all information to service the request
• cacheable client to prevent unnecessary client-server messaging
• code on demand (optional), server should be able to extent client functionality by including client-side code
• uniform interface, four guiding principles:
  • identification of resources, e.g. using a URI
  • client must have enough information to be able to manipulate the resource representation
  • self-descriptive messages
  • HATEOAS, Hypermedia as the engine of application state

REST vs SOAP

HTML5

http://dev.w3.org/html5/html4-differences/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML5

http://dev.w3.org/html5/spec/Overview.html

NoSql
Wikipedia NoSql
MongoDB

JavaScript
node.js
Wikipedia Node.js
Express JS

Hello World Widget Area

To add widgets to your theme, you must have or create a ‘widget area’ as a widget placeholder and a widget to add to your widget area.

In the functions.php file of your theme, you can create a custom widget area by using the following code.

if (function_exists('register_sidebar')) {
  register_sidebar(array(
    'name'=> 'Hello World Widget Area',
    'id' => 'hello_world',
    'before_widget' => '<div id=\"%1$s\" class=\"widget %2$s\">',
    'after_widget' => '</div>',
    'before_title' => '<div id=\"div_hello_world_title\">',
    'after_title' => '</div>',
));}

Hello World Widget

This simple method does not use the extension of the WP_Widget class, which is the preferred method.
In the functions.php file of your theme, add the following code for the HelloWorld Widget.

  function widget_helloworld() {
     echo \"Hello World!\";
  }
  if (function_exists('register_sidebar_widget')) {
     register_sidebar_widget(__('Hello World Widget'), 'widget_helloworld');
  }

To add your widget to the dynamic sidebar:
- Go to your WordPress Dashboard > Appearance > Widgets, and
- Drag’n'drop the Hello World Widget to the dynamic sidebar on the right.

Hello World Template

Finally, you need a template to include your widget area. Create a helloworld.php file and include the following code.

<?php if (!function_exists('dynamic_sidebar') || !dynamic_sidebar('Hello World Widget Area')) : ?>
  <!-- if widgets are not available -->
<?php endif; ?>

1. To create an empty Google Map in your webpage:
a. Load the Google Map API from http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/js
b. Create a div element to place the map
c. Create the Map Options literal to define a Map Type and a center point with Longitude and Latitude
d. Create an instance of your actual map
e. Load the map on your page
http://learnfromlocals.com/examples/google-maps-example1.html

2. To create a Google Map with Markers and Info Windows
a. Follow the Steps described under 1.
b. To add points to your map, you need to add so-called overlays with markers to your map.
http://learnfromlocals.com/examples/google-maps-example2.html

var map;
var infowindow = new google.maps.InfoWindow();
	
function initialize() {
  var latlon0 = new google.maps.LatLng(37.918201, 25.44342);
  var options = {
    zoom: 7,
    center: latlon0,
    mapTypeId: google.maps.MapTypeId.ROADMAP
  };
  map = new google.maps.Map(document.getElementById('map_canvas'), options);
	
  addMarker(37.030994, 25.499511, 'Cave of Zeus, Naxos, Greece');
  addMarker(37.609421, 26.239854, 'Birthplace of Dionysis, Mount Pramnos, Ikaria, Greece');
  addMarker(38.496594, 26.130066, 'Homer's Rock, Vrandados, Chios, Greece');
}
	
function addMarker(lat, lon, content){
  var latlon = new google.maps.LatLng(lat, lon);
  var marker = new google.maps.Marker({
	  position:latlon,
	  map: map,
	  title:content
  })
  google.maps.event.addListener(marker, 'click', function(){
	  infowindow.close();
	  infowindow.setContent(content);
	  infowindow.open(map, marker);
  });
}

3. Use a simplified JavaScript library to create a Google Map with markers and InfoWindows:
a. Add a script tag to load caprioit-googlemaps-lib.js,
b. Create a map,
c. Add the markers.
http://learnfromlocals.com/examples/google-maps-example4.html

  var divid = 'map_canvas';
  var zoomlevel = 7;
  var centerlat = 37.918201;
  var centerlon = 25.44342;
  var maptypeid = google.maps.MapTypeId.ROADMAP;
	
  var map = new MyGoogleMap(divid, zoomlevel, centerlat, centerlon, maptypeid);
	
  map.addMarker('Cave of Zeus, Naxos, Greece', 37.030994, 25.499511);
  map.addMarker('Birthplace of Dionysis, Mount Pramnos, Ikaria, Greece', 37.609421, 26.239854);
  map.addMarker('Homer's Rock, Vrandados, Chios, Greece', 38.496594, 26.130066);

Page Load Order

1. HTML is parsed
2. External scripts/style sheets are loaded
3. Scripts are executed as they are parsed
4. DOM is constructed
5. Images and external content are loaded
6. Page is finished loading

Page Load Performance

The index of relatedness or the coefficient of relationship expresses the chance of a gene being shared between two individuals A and B. To calculate the relatedness find the common ancestor(s). Having located the common ancestor(s), count the generation distance between the common ancestor(s) and respectively A and B. Add up the generation distance of A and the generation distance of B to find the total generation distance of A and B.

r = a * (1/2)^g

where
r = relatedness
a = common ancestor(s)
g = generation distance

E.g.
First cousins have 2 common ancestors, thus a=2, with a generation distance of 2+2=4, thus g=4.
relatedness between first cousins = 2 * (1/2)^4 = 2 * (1/2 * 1/2 * 1/2 * 1/2) = 1/8

For relationships as distant as third cousin (2 * (1/2)^8=1/128) the relatedness is close to the baseline probability that a gene will be shared by any random individual taken from the population.

- Joe Chang, Professor of Statistics, Yale University (yale.edu)

By default Eclipse 3.2 which is packaged with Ubuntu 9.04 and can be installed using the Synaptic Package Manager runs with the GNU Compiler for Java, GCJ JVM and not the JVM provided by SUN. Additionally, Eclipse for Ubuntu is missing jUnit 4 due to legal restrictions on its use of Java 5, and it is disabled, causing import problems that prevents updating software or installing new features.

1. change java sdk
To check which java sdk is available:
sudo update-java-alternatives -l
Set the java-6-sun as the default java sdk:
sudo update-java-alternatives -s java-6-sun

2. download the x86 32bits version for linux of Eclipse Galileo, extract the archive and copy it to /usr/local/bin/eclipse-3.5

http://www.eclipse.org/downloads/

3. set JAVA_HOME in .bashrc
#configuration for java
JAVA_HOME=”/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.6.0-sun”
export JAVA_HOME
PATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$PATH
export PATH

4. create a startup script, copy it to /usr/bin and make sure the username:group permission are 755 for the correct user
#!/bin/bash
PATH=/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.13/bin:$PATH
/usr/local/bin/eclipse-3.5/eclipse

5. add the /usr/bin/eclipse script to the desktop menu via the >System>Preferences>Main Menu option which will create a desktop configuration file ~/.local/share/applications/alacarte-made.desktop

#!/usr/bin/env xdg-open
[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Version=1.0
Type=Application
Terminal=false
Icon[en_US]=/usr/local/bin/eclipse-3.5/icon.xpm
Exec=/usr/bin/eclipse
Name[en_US]=Eclipse Galileo 3.5
Name=Eclipse Galileo 3.5
Icon=gnome-panel-launcher

or create a desktop configuration file /usr/share/applications/eclipse.desktop

[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Name=Eclipse 3.5 Galileo
Icon=/usr/local/bin/eclipse-3.5/eclipse.xpm
Exec=/usr/bin/eclipse
Categories=Application

Alacarte is a menu editor for GNOME desktop, it implements the XDG menu specification.

To customize the number of rows and columns of opera’s speed dial option:

1. in the address bar type opera:about to locate the .opera configuration directory;
2. close opera to prevent it from editing the config files we need to adjust;
3. open the speeddial.ini and add the size configuration somewhere in the file:
[size]
rows:3
columns:6
4. start opera.

FIX or Financial Information eXchange Protocol is a series of messaging specifications for trade-related messages.
AdsML is an initiative supported by Ifra, an international association for media publishing, the Newspaper Association of America (NAA) and IDEAlliance, a leader in XML-based standards development for the graphics communication industry, to create a comprehensive standard for end-to-end advertising workflow.

Using XSPF:
XSPF.org
XSPF musicplayer